Cylinder grinding device



2,263,781 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 E W .L MK MG WE mN H 0 J Nov. 25, 1941. .1. E. G. KLINE CYLINDER GRINDING DEVICE Filed Oct. 2, 1956 w m a 1 M k w p Q. a v. u y m u .k 2 MM M 5:: mm 2 MM W m. .m fl [K] D M l? Law ATTORNEY.

J. E. G. KLINE CYLINDER GRINDING DEVICE Nov. 25, 1941.

Filed Oct, 2, 1936 a 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR JOHN E, GHKLINE ATTORNEY,

Patented Nov. 25, 1941 2,263,781 CYLINDER GRINDING DEVICE John E. G. Kline, :GrossePoin'te Farms, Mich,

assignor, by mesne assignments, 'to Micromatic Hone Corporation, Detroit, Mich.', a corporation of Michigan.

Application October 2, 1936, Serial No. 103,656

1 Claim.. (c1: 51-1843) This invention relates to cylinder 'grinding devices and particularly to a device often referred to as a honing tool of the rotatable type adaptable to finishing the inner surface of a cylindrical member such as the cylinders -of internal combustion engines and'the like.

' In carrying out such a grinding operation the abrasive elements of the conventional type of honing operation is to provide a perfect cylindrical surface which is free from machining ridges or in other words highly polished. When the grinding operation is complete it is desirable to retract the abrasive elements from engagement with the cylinder wall in order that the in the art upon a consideration of the accompanying drawings and following description wherein several exemplary embodiments of v the invention are disclosed.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an end view, in elevation, of a ing tool constructed in accordance with the invention showing one arrangement of the cylinder wall engaging elements.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal view partly in section and partly in elevation taken generally on I the lines II-II of Figure 1.

tool may be withdrawn from the cylinder without scoring or marking the bore. When the abrasive elements are retracted the axis of the tool is no longer maintained in the center of the bore and the device often goes into what may be termed a pendulum action, during the longitudinal movement of the same out of the cylinder. The swinging action of the tool often causes one or more of the abrasive elements to reingage the polished walls of the cylinder with 'the result that the surface thereof is damaged ing the axis of the tool in the center of the cyl- Figure 2A is an enlarged detailed view of the screws and one of the balls associated with the adjustment mechanism shown in Figure 2.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on the line III-HI of Figure 4 of a modified tool showing another arrangement of the abrasive and .nonabrasive elements.

Figure 4 is a view taken on thelines IV--IV of Figure 3 showing a modified mechanism for ac: tuating one group of the cylinder wall engaging elements.

Figure 5 is a general view in perspective of one type of mount.

Figure 6 is a similar view of another type of mount.

Figure 7 is a view in perspective showing a cam for actuating one of the mounts.

Figure 8 is a view in side elevation of the spring employed to move one group of cylinder or head having a longitudinally extending central aperture II for housing andsupporting a pair of oppositely arranged spaced cams, or cones l2 and Hi. The outer or peripheral surface of the head is provided with a pair of.-slotted spiders inder during the abrading operation and thereby insure'even or uniform wear of the abrasive elements.

A still further object of the invention is to pro- I4 and I6 arranged in a fixed spaced relation-adjacent the respective ends of the body member. a

' body of the head. Each of the spiders is provided with a complementary number of circumslots are adapted to receive and support a plu-v rality of abrasive and non-abrasive mounts in radial planes that are coincident with the axis of the tool and for this reason the slots l1 provided in the spiders should be aligned with respect to each other. Any number of aligned slots honengaging elements however, six or more properly arranged in each spider have been found to be particularly advantageous in fulfilling the ob- .Jects of the invention as hereinafter described.

Instead of providing all of the mounts with ifabrasive elements as has been the conventional v practicein-the past, non-abrasive guide elements ."fare carried by andsupported in some of the the cylinder the non-abrasive elements maintain'the axisof the device' inthe center of the I bore .toprevent swinging of theheadand inad- 'vertent engagement of the abrasive elements withthe cylinder wall and, thus avoid scoring of the finished cylinder surface when the device .is removed from the bore. It is for these purposes that at least three non jabras ive elements are displaced with respect to each other b l -approximately 120. i i

As shown in Figure 1 the non-abrasive ole ments l8 are alternately arranged with respect to a selected number ,of abrasive elements [9 but it will be appreciated that any number of guide elements in excess of three may be employed. Since;

v a 2,263,781 may be provided for receiving thecylinder wall lower end thereof, into a slot 21 arranged in the cone l2. The abrasive elements l9 carried by the mounts 128 and arranged in certain of the slots I! are moved radially outward or expanded to increase the effective diameter ofthe tool by means of plate members 29. Each plate-29' is movably mounted .in an elongated radially extending aperture 1| which communicates the inner surfaces of certain slots II with the central bore I I The outer endsji .and 33 of the plates engage'the mounts 28 while the inner tapering ends 36 and Il are shaped to match and adapted to respec-' tively engage the cones l2 and I3.

.By turning the shaft II in a direction to cause the cones l2 and I3 to move toward each other i will therefore move the mounts 28 and the abragagement with a cylinder wall by reason of the u are provided in spider slots at substantially equal spaced annular intervals. In other words, when three guide members are employed they three non-abrasive elements will maintain the Y axis of the tool in the center of the cylinder one ;or more abrasive elements may be employed to properly abrade the cylinder wall. However, for

efficient operation it isdesirable to provide a pin I rality of abrasive elements arranged around the tool between the non-abrasive elements in a manner as indicated in Figures 1 and 3.

In carrying out the invention two actuating mechanisms are provided, one for moving the abrasive elements into engagement with the cylinder wall and another separate mechanism for adjusting the nomabrasive elements. Either of V the adjusting means may be operated independently of the movement Or position of the other so that the non-abrasive elements may be moved I and maintained in engagement with the cylinder here to hold the axis of the tool in the center Qthereof during the grinding operation and after the abrasive elements have been retracted at the end of the abrading operation.

,One group of cylinder wall engaging elements and preferably the abrasive elements 9 are .actuthe cone 43 in such a manner that an annularly formed collar 24 will engage a recess formed in theinverted base portion of the cone 13. In

order that the cone l2 may move longitudinally of the aperture l l and held against turning about the shaft 2| 9. pin or similar means 26 is provided to extend inwardly from the head. l0, near the wedge action of the cones acting on the inner ends 36 and 31 of the plates 29. A spring 38 encircling the shaft 21 is provided for yieldablyurging the cones away from each other and by tuming the shaft 2| in a'direction opposite to that indicated above the spring will move the cones to a position permitting the abrasive elements to retract. v a

.The tool or body of the device is adapted to be rotated by a power driven spindle (not shown) connected to the head i0 through a hollow sleeve 43 and a universal coupling 39. In order that the shaft 2| may be rotated while the head is positioned within the cylinder to properly adjust the abrasive elements a rod 41 is connected to the upper end of the shaft 21- by means of a flexible Joint 42. The rod ll may extend upwardly within the driving sleeve 43 to a point where it may be conveniently operated;

The non-abrasive guide elements I8 are preferably formed of a tough material such as vulcanized fiber and shaped to dimensions similar to those of the abrasive elements IS. The guide elements, as hereinabove set forth, are employed to maintain the axis of the tool in the center of the bore and since the stock removed during a grinding operation is often measured in thousandths of an inch the material employed in making the non-abrasive elements should preferably be relatively incompressible. The non-abrasive elements in additionjto maintaining rotary axis of the hone concentric with the axis of the cylinder to insure uniform wear of the abrasive elements should also effect a burni'shing finish to the cylinder wall and materials such as vulcanized fiber have been found to satisfactorily fill such requirements.

Mounts 44 which are somewhat similar to the abrasive element carrying mounts 28 are provided for receiving and supporting the non-abrasive elements. Instead of having a flat base as is the case with the mounts 28, the bases of the nonabrasive carrying mounts 44 are each provided with a series of inwardly projecting sloping surfaces 46 and 41 (as shown particularly in Figure 6). A slidable cam 48 is provided for each of the mounts 44 and each cam isadapted to be guided in a longitudinally extending groove 49 arranged in the periphery of the head l0 under each of the mounts 44. Each cam (Figure '7) carries a pair or series of integrally formed tapered projections such as 5| and 52 which are adapted to respectively engage a like number of sloping surfaces 46 and 41 carried by the base of a mount 44. The inner edge 53 of each cam is straight and rests respectively in each groove 49 so that sliding least three guide elements.

7 g 2,203,781 movement of each cam towards the upper end of the-head will. cause the tapered projections SI and I oteach cam. to respectively engage the sloping surfaces 40 and ll -and thus. move the mounts 44 radially outward. {The mounts 44 are held against longitudinal movement with respect 'to the head by means of a shoulder the ends of which are adapted to fit between the opposed faces of the spaced spiders l4 and IS.

The abrasive and the non-abrasive carrying mounts are moved inwardly or against their respective .adJustment mechanisms by means of two elastic bands or garter springs 56. One oi? the the upper end of the head and accordingly cause the axis thereof and insure even wear of the abrasive stones. The non-abrasive elements also 2 provide} a burnishing eflect on the walls of the the cylinder since the unretracted guide elements:

cyllnder to further enhance the finish thereon!v A more important function of the separately 1:

actuatedgnon-abrasive elements is, to properly guide the'itool out of the bore when the grind-;- ingoperation is completed. 'Afterthe bore has "beqpproperly finished the abrasive elements mays be released or retracted from engagement with thebore and the tool safely withdrawn from will 'maintainthe tool in the center 01 the cyl .inder. The device cannot swing about the universal coupling in the driving sleeve by. reason of the guiding action of the ,non-abrasive ale-S ,ments and inadvertent scoring of the finished surface is avoided when the device-is withdrawn from the cylinder.

In order that the tool a rate-1y guided 1 out o! the cylinder without accidental .lateral movement about the universaljoint 39, the non--' abrasive guide elements' mlay be formed of a the mounts 44 to move laterally outwardor inward with respect to the body of the tool.

One construction for simultaneously actuating the cams 48 is shown in Figure 2 wherein the sleeve 59 is rotatably mounted in such a'manner as to prevent the same from moving longitudinally by means of a plurality ofballs I carried between a collar 60 fixed to an extended portion of the head I! and which engage an annular groove 62 formed in the inner upper portion of the sleeve 58 and peripheral suriace oi collar 60. The lower inner portion of the sleeve 59 is threaded and adapted to engage the threads of a ring member 64 which is provided with an an nular groove or race 58. The groove 58 is formed to receive the hooked ends of the slidable cams 48f-so that rotation oi! the sleeve is in one direc- Y tion will cause the ring .64 to move longitudinally pullingall of the cams towards the upper end of the head and accordingly move the mounts .44

laterally outward; Turning the sleeve 58 in an opposite direction will causethe cams 48 to slide downwardly. with respect to the body of the tool 1 which permits the garter springs 56 to move the mounts radially inward. In performingthe grinding operation with a' 'tool embodying the hereinabove described features the abrasive elements should be retractedto permit the head to be inserted in the cylinder,

,1 bymovlng the cones I2 and I3 apart which will 1 allowthe elastic bands 56 to move the stones inwardly; The'sleeve 59 of the adjusting 'mechas nism described in connection with Figure 2 is also turned to cause the cams 48 to move down- 3 wardlyso that the non-abrasive elements will be retracted by the gartersprings 56. Aiterthe head is positioned within the bore the abrasive elements are expanded into engagement with the cylinder wall by turning the rod 4! to move the cones towards each other. Theno'n-abrasive ele; ments may also be expanded into contactwith the bore by rotating the sleeve '59 in such a manner as to cause the cams 48 to move upwardly.

The engagement of the non-abrasive elements with the cylinder wall will cause the axis of the tool to be maintained in the center of the bore by reason of the equal spaced arrangement of at Inasmuch as the guide elements will not readily wear away, the

t at upon rotation will constantly revolve around greater length than the abrasiveelements as shown in Figure 2. 5;;

A modified mechanism for automatically moving and maintaining the non-abrasive elements against the cylinder .wall is shown in Figure 4. During the finishing. operation stock is removed from the bore by the abrasive elements and it is necessary to enlarge the eflective diameter of the,

tool to continue the abrading operation-by. radiating the abrasive stones I9. The adjusting mechanism of the present modification is de' signed to continually and yieldably urge the guide elements 18 into contact with the enlarged ibore thus constantly maintaining the axis of the tool in the center of the cylinder and a at the same time burnishing the bore by reason of the wiping action of the non-abrasive elements."

v For accomplishingsuch functions a sleeve 66 is slidably mounted on a bushing 61 and yield; ably urged upward'with respect I I portion 01- the head II] by means of a relatively to an extended" strong spring: "shown in Figures 4 and 8. The.

sleeve P Y ded with a depending collar 69 g which gages v.thehooked ends of the cams 48 and slides them simultaneously upwardly causing the slopingsuriaces "and 52 of each cam to respectively engage the tapered l po'rtionslii and 41 of the mounts 44 and move the same laters ally outward against theaction oi the gartersprings 56. Them'ounts 44 maybe moved laterally inward by moving the sleeve 6.6 v downwardly against the action of the spring 68 which will permit the gartersprings '56 tomove the cams downward and the non-abrasive carrying mounts inwardly.

While the abrasive elements have been; de-

scribed as being carried by the mounts 28 and "actuated as a group by the cones from within the longitudinal aperture II, it will nevertheless be apparent that the non-abrasive elements may be substituted for the abrasive elements in the mounts and adjusted by the central mechanism. Accordingly the abrasive elements may be arranged-in the mounts and actuated by the sliding cams 4B. In other words the tool will ,function in accordance with the objects of the invention even though the two groups of cylinder wall engaging elements are interchanged.

While abrasive and non-abrasive elements have been described in connection with the tool for the purposes of grinding the device, by maintaining the rotary axis thereof concentric with the bore, and providing a burnished finish to f the'cyli'nder wall it will nevertheless be apparent that the hone may be equally adapted to other uses; *Fo'rexample, the tool may be employed to function as a roughing and finishing hone. In

" otherwords, the device 'is capable of removing b'ulk stock with one set of cylinder wall engaging elements and polishing the bore with another set of such elements. ing elements iii are formed of relatively coarse abrasive they may beused for the rough opera-' That is to say, if the abradtion of removing the initial stock from the bore, and if the non-abrasive elements l8 are replaced "with fine grit abrasive they may be utilized to finish' the abrading operation and impart a high polish to thecylinder wall. Suchalternate operation of the tool is made possible without removing the device from the cylinde rlby means of the independent adjustment mechanisms described in connection with the mounts and 44.

'Having thus described my invention, I claim:

iace of said head having longitudinally extending spaced grooves, a slidable cam longitudinally movable in each of said grooves, a rotatable sleeve having a race therein adapted to engage one end of said slidable cams, each of said cams engaging the respective grooves and a mount carrying a cylinder wall engaging element of another type whereby the mounts are simultaneously moved by turning said sleeve.

JOHN E. G. 

